TestNG Interview Question and Answers Set-1

 

Can we give negative priority in TestNG?

Yes, 

1.     We can assign negative priorities to a method.

2.     With a method with no priority, the priority is set to 0 by default.

Observe that the AccountTest method ran before CloseBrowser even without having any priority because both sets to priority = 0, and hence, they run alphabetically. 

 

I have 4 test cases and not defined priority. in that case which test case execute first?

It will execute accourding alphabetical order 

Can we give the same priority in TestNG?  

 - Yes,if two or more methods have the same priorities in TestNG, then their running test sequence is alphabetic. Since “A” comes before “C,” the method AccountTest ran first.

 

Latest top 10 API Automation Interview Questions and Answer Set 4

 

1. What are the static imports we need to do in rest-Assured?

import static io.restassured.RestAssured.*;
import static io.restassured.matcher.RestAssuredMatchers.*;
import static org.hamcrest.Matcher.*;

2. Write a code snipped GET to fetch the information from the server and validate the Request body
//Get Place ---> In get place, there no Json Body, everything will be in URL. and query parameter

Method-1 

            public static void main(String[] args) {

given()

.queryParam("page", "2")

.auth().none()

.header("Content-type","application/json")

.contentType(ContentType.JSON)

.when()

.get("https://reqres.in/api/users")

.then()

.statusCode(200)

.body(

"page", equalTo(2),

"per_page", equalTo(6),

"total", equalTo(12), 

"total_pages", equalTo(2)

);

System.out.println("successfully executed");

}

Method- 2

 Response getResponse = 

given().log().all()

.queryParam("page", "2").auth().none()

 .header("Content-type","application/json") 

.contentType(ContentType.JSON)

.when()

.get("https://reqres.in/api/users");

    

//  getResponse.prettyPrint();   //print response

  

  System.out.println("Response is: "+getResponse.getBody().asString());

  System.out.println("Status code is: "+getResponse.statusCode());

  System.out.println("Response time is: "+getResponse.getTime());

2. Write a code snipped GET to fetch the information from the server and validate the Request body - In different style

public void getWeatherDetailsWithCorrectCityNameTest(String users){

//1. define the base url
//https://reqres.in/api

RestAssured.baseURI = "//https://reqres.in/api";

//2. define the http request:
RequestSpecification httpRequest = RestAssured.given();

//3. make a request and execute the request:
Response response = httpRequest.request(Method.GET, "/"+users);

//4. get the response body:
String respBody = response.getBody().asString();
System.out.println("Response Body is: "+ respBody );
//validate city name or validate the key or value
Assert.assertEquals(respBody.contains(users), true);

//5. get the status code and validate it:
int statusCode = response.getStatusCode();
System.out.println("the status code is: "+ statusCode);

Assert.assertEquals(statusCode, 200);

System.out.println("the status line is: "+ response.getStatusLine());

//6. get the headers:
Headers headers = response.getHeaders();
System.out.println(headers);

String contentType = response.getHeader("Content-Type");
System.out.println("the value of content-type header is: "+ contentType);

String contentLength = response.getHeader("Content-Length");
System.out.println("the value of Content-Length header is: "+ contentLength);

3. Write a code snipped for POST request and validate the Request body

  

Method 1:

public class PostAPI {

static String requestPayload = "{\r\n"

+ "    \"name\": \"morpheus\",\r\n"

+ "    \"job\": \"leader\"\r\n"

+ "}";

public static void main(String[] args) {

given()

.auth().none()

.header("Content-type","application/json")

.contentType(ContentType.JSON)

.when()

.body(requestPayload)

.post("https://reqres.in/api/users")

.then()

.statusCode(201)

.body(

"name", equalTo("morpheus"),

"job", equalTo("leader")

 

);

}

}

Method 2

public class PostAPI {

static String requestPayload = "{\r\n"

+ "    \"name\": \"morpheus\",\r\n"

+ "    \"job\": \"leader\"\r\n"

+ "}";

public static void main(String[] args) {

Response getResponse = 

given()

.auth().none()

.header("Content-type","application/json")

.contentType(ContentType.JSON)

.when()

.body(requestPayload)

.post("https://reqres.in/api/users");

System.out.println("Response is :"+getResponse.getBody().asString());

System.out.println("Status code is :"+getResponse.statusCode());

System.out.println("Response time is: "+getResponse.getTime());

}

}

4. Write a code snipped for POST request and passing Request body in the form of Map object

Pre-requisites - you need to update update jackson databind dependency

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind -->

<dependency>

    <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>

    <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>

    <version>2.9.5</version>

</dependency>

public static void main(String[] args) {

HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();

map.put("name", "morpheus");

map.put("job", "leader");

Response getResponse = 

given()

.auth().none()

.header("Content-type","application/json")

.contentType(ContentType.JSON)

.when()

.body(map)

.post("https://reqres.in/api/users");

System.out.println("Response is :"+getResponse.getBody().asString());

System.out.println("Status code is :"+getResponse.statusCode());

System.out.println("Response time is: "+getResponse.getTime());

}

5. Write a code snipped for POST request and passing Request body from external file

public static void main(String[] args) {

Response getResponse = 

given()

.auth().none()

.header("Content-type","application/json")

.contentType(ContentType.JSON)

.when()

.body(new File(./PayLoad.json)).log().all()

.post("https://reqres.in/api/users");

System.out.println("Response is :"+getResponse.getBody().asString());

System.out.println("Status code is :"+getResponse.statusCode());

System.out.println("Response time is: "+getResponse.getTime());

}

6. How to do Schema validation in Rest assured?

Steps:

Pre-requisite:

Update pom.json with jsonschema validator dependency - dependency

1. Generate json schema

2. Create schema.json file in project root level

3. Paste generated json schema in schema.json file

4. Write following code snippet to validate the json schema

@Test

public void ValidateJsonSchema()

Response response =   given().log().all()

  .contentType("application/json")

  .body(para)       //para is your body

  .when()

  .post("https://reqres.in/api/users");

   

  response.then().body(JsonSchemaValidator.matchesJsonSchema(new File("schema.json")));

6. what exception Rest Assured will throw when we pass wrong content-type ?

It will throw 'Unsupported media type'

7. How do you extract path parameter from response in Rest Assured ?

Using jsonpath

8. How to pass dynamic body for Post Request in Rest Assured?

We can provide Request payload using following way:

1. POJO

2. MAP object, 

3. placeholder JSONfiles, 

4. as String

9. How to declare the API details in Rest Assured Test?
We can declare API details in BDD format as below 

Given(), 

When(), 

Then()


10. Name The Most Commonly Used HTTP Methods Supported By REST?
    There are a few HTTP methods in REST which are more popular.

GET -It requests a resource at the request-URL. It should not contain a request body as it will get discarded. Maybe it can be cached locally or on the server.

2. POST – It submits information to the service for processing; it should typically return the modified or new resource.

3. PUT – At the request URL it updates the resource.

4. DELETE – It removes the resource at the request-URL.

5. OPTIONS -It indicates the supported techniques.

6. HEAD – It returns meta information about the request URL.

11. What Is URI? Explain Its Purpose In REST Based Web Services. What Is Its Format?

    URI stands for Uniform Resource Identifier. URI is the identifier for the resource in REST architecture.

The purpose of a URI is to locate a resource(s) on the server hosting the web service. A URI is of the following format-

<protocol>://<service-name>/<ResourceType>/<ResourceID>

12. How to compare the response values with Rest Assured Assertion?
    Example :

given().

.parameters("firstName", "John", "lastName", "Doe")

.when()

.post("/greetXML").

.then()

.body("greeting.firstName", equalTo("John")).

.body("greeting.lastName", equalTo("Doe"));

13. How to Insert cookies in Testing the API using Rest Assured?
         given().cookie("username", "John")

        .when().get("/cookie")

        .then().body(equalTo("username"));

14. How to Insert headers in Testing the API using Rest Assured?

        given().header("MyHeader", "Something").


15. How to Validate Response Headers with Rest Assured?
    

To print all the header:

  @Test

public void validateHeader() {

Response response = given().get("http://localhost:3000/employees");

Headers a = response.getHeaders();

for (Header header : a) {

System.out.println(header.getName() + ":" + header.getValue());

}

}

To Validate the header:

        @Test
        public void validateHeader() {
                Response response = given().get("http://localhost:3000/employees");

                String head = response.getHeader("Content-Type");
                System.out.println(head);
                assertEquals(head, "application/json");
        }

16. How to handle Basic Authentication with Rest Assured?

        given().auth().preemptive().basic("username","password")

        .when().get("/secured/hello")

        .then().statusCode(200);

17. How to iterate and validate the key in JSON Array?

We need to use the method getList()  which return List<String>

Code snippet as follows

Refer JSON - URI "https://reqres.in/api/users"

 public static void verifyStatusEmailId(){

                Response resp = given().when().get("https://reqres.in/api/users");

List<String> ids = resp.jsonPath().getList("data.email");

                

                for (String i : ids) {

System.out.println(i);

if (i.contentEquals("eve.holt@reqres.in")) {

System.out.println("eve holt is present in the response body");

}

}

}

Output will be - "eve holt is present in the response body"

18. How to count and assert the count of JSON Array?

Refer JSON - URI "https://reqres.in/api/users"

 public static void countJsonArray(){

                Response resp = given().when().get("https://reqres.in/api/users");

List<String> jsonResponse = resp.jsonPath().getList("data"); System.out.println(jsonResponse.size()); System.out.println("The number of data in the list is : " + jsonResponse.size()); assertEquals(jsonResponse.size(), 6);

}

output will be --true

19. How to read particular key in JSON Array?

We can do it by using getString() method which return String.

Refer JSON - URI "https://reqres.in/api/users"

 public static void verifySecondUsername(){

                Response resp = given().when().get("https://reqres.in/api/users");

String usernames = resp.jsonPath().getString("data[1].email"); System.out.println("fetch the second email from data list: " + usernames);

}

Output will be - fetch the second email from data list: Janet

20. How to fetch the value from JSON Array using MAP?

Step 1. We can do it by using getMap() method which return Map<String,String>

Step2. Then need to iterate throguh map using KeySet() and which will return Set<String>, we 

            would need to type cast with List

Steps3. Then we can call get() method to get the value. like get("first_name")

Refer JSON - URI "https://reqres.in/api/users"

 public static void verifyFirstName(){

                Response resp = given().when().get("https://reqres.in/api/users");

Map<String, String> dataEmp = resp.jsonPath().getMap("data[2]"); System.out.println("Using MAP: "+dataEmp);

List<String> tset = new ArrayList<>(dataEmp.keySet()); System.out.println("Fetch firtsname using map and get: " + dataEmp.get("first_name"));

}

Output will be - Fetch firtsname using map and get: Emma

21. Advantes of Rest Assured are listed below:-

• It is an Open source i.e. free.
• It requires less coding compare to Apache Http Client.
• Initial setup is easy and straightforward before you hit any endpoint.
• Easy parsing and validation of response in JSON and XML.
• It follows BDD keywords like given(), when(), then() which makes code readable and supports clean coding. This feature is available from version 2.0.
• Very rich in readymade assertion
• Quick assertion for status code and response time.
• Powerful logging mechanism.
• Can be easily integrated with other Java libraries like TestNG, Junit for Test Framework and Extent Report , Allure Report for reporting purpose.
• Very good support for different authentication mechanism for APIs.
• Can be integrated with Selenium-Java to achieve End to End automation.
• Supports JsonPath and XmlPath which helps in parsing JSON and XML response. Rest Assured by default integrates both.
• Can be used to verify Json Schema using JSON Schema Validation library.
• Includes XML schema validation
• Can be integrated with Maven and CICD.
• REST Assured 4.1.2 is released. It adds support for Java 13.

Disadvantages of Rest assured:-

• Does not support SOAP APIs explicitly.
• Less community support
• Requires good Java programming knowledge

22. How to handle Oauth2.0 in rest assured.

Oauth is type of authorization and which is different from rest of the authorization,
As we use basic authorization for primary application where username and password requires and we can login to application and get the appropriate data.

but in case of Oauth is designed to let third party applications access the user data in some form of security.

Realtime example: Suppose you are signing up to a client application MakeMyTrip to book a flight but before login into MakeMyTrip application if you

do not have account first you need to create an account so that you can sign into MakeMyTrip application. MakeMyTrip application needs your details for signing up like first name, last name, profile picture, mobile number etc. Usually we get different way to sign in to application Like direct sign in by giving email id and password another option signing via Facebook.

When you click Facebook button then pop up gets open and it ask you grant access on your Facebook app and when you click on allow button it means you allowing the Facebook data with 3rd party MakeMyTrip application. But how would Facebook know which application is this and Facebook can not simply share the data to any application. so here client registration came into the picture where MakeMyTrip will provide call back URL to Facebook so Facebook will knows where to redirect after sign up via Facebook.

//First we need to get the access token for which we need to provide Client id and Secret id as Basic authentication. In your case clientID and Secrete Key will be different, click on below URL and follow the instruction to get the clientID and SecretKey

https://developer.paypal.com/docs/api/overview/#get-credentials

Below code snipped illustrate the scenario

//Here am using MakeMyTrip API

https://developer.paypal.com/docs/api/get-an-access-token-postman/

public class POSTAPI_getAccessToken {

static String clientId = "AUv-PH2Lt58UdTjNZX3LxuSaD93808ovCdmCn4amO-TPcvg7kJySIXbe0u6WWT3wUKfP77PrFcpJo8ay";

static String secretId = "EPEwtv8pTr-Y7VGWLk_0JxJRfehuRBBG5xQEKVpWgNXSfqtWn-YQiFvDVSwZLfrPwDQJeME4I4b9Z1AI";

static String accessToken = "";

@Test(priority = 1)

public void getAccessToken() {

Response response = 

                                 given()

                                .auth().preemptive().basic(clientId, secretId)

.param("grant_type", "client_credentials")

                                .log().all()

.post("https://api-m.sandbox.paypal.com/v1/oauth2/token");

response.prettyPrint();

System.out.println("Statuc code is " + response.statusCode());

//Here am storing the access token in string variable "accessToken" so that i can use this variable for automating other API i.e POST,PUT,PATCH

accessToken = response.getBody().path("access_token");

System.out.println("Access token is " + accessToken);

}

@Test(priority = 2, dependsOnMethods = "getAccessToken")

public void createOrder() {

String payload = "{\r\n"

+ "  \"intent\": \"CAPTURE\",\r\n"

+ "  \"purchase_units\": [\r\n"

+ "    {\r\n"

+ "      \"amount\": {\r\n"

+ "        \"currency_code\": \"USD\",\r\n"

+ "        \"value\": \"100.00\"\r\n"

+ "      }\r\n"

+ "    }\r\n"

+ "  ]\r\n"

+ "}";

Response response = given()

.contentType(ContentType.JSON)

.auth()

.oauth2(accessToken)

.body(payload)

.log().all()

.post("https://api-m.sandbox.paypal.com/v2/checkout/orders");

response.prettyPrint();

23. How to handle expiring based token in rest assured?

1. Create a method for generating token and call that method as a prerequisite for all @Test methods

2. 

    RestAssured.baseURI = "http://localhost:8080";
    SessionFilter seassion = new SessionFilter();
    

    String login = given()

                            .log().all()

                            .header("Content-Type", "application/json")
                            .body("{ \"username\": \"abc\", \"password\": \"xyz\" }")

                            .filter(seassion)

                            .when()
                            .post("/rest/auth/1/session")

                            .then().log().all().extract().response().asString();

3. If using cucumber create one step and keep it in Background

23. Create the utility to parse the dynamic JSON?

How to parse dynamic JSON?

How to parse nested JSON?

public class ParseDynamicJson {

public static void parseObject(JSONObject json, String key) {

// System.out.println(json.has(key));

System.out.println(json.get(key));

}

public static void getKey(JSONObject json, String key) {

boolean exists = json.has(key);

Iterator<?> keys;

String nextKeys;

if (!exists) {

keys = json.keys();

while (keys.hasNext()) {

nextKeys = (String) keys.next();

try {

if (json.get(nextKeys) instanceof JSONObject) {

if (exists == false) {

getKey(json.getJSONObject(nextKeys), key);

}

} else if (json.get(nextKeys) instanceof JSONArray) {

JSONArray jsonarray = json.getJSONArray(nextKeys);

for (int i = 0; i < jsonarray.length(); i++) {

String jsonarrayString = jsonarray.get(i).toString();

JSONObject innerJSOn = new JSONObject(jsonarrayString);

if (exists == false) {

getKey(innerJSOn, key);

}

}

}

} catch (Exception e) {

}

}

} else {

parseObject(json, key);

}

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

String inputJson = "{\r\n"

+ "    \"name\": \"morpheus\",\r\n"

+ "    \"job\": \"leader\",\r\n"

+ "    \"id\": \"675\",\r\n"

+ "    \"createdAt\": \"2021-03-20T18:24:54.124Z\"\r\n"

+ "}";

//We need to convert String to JSON Object first since getKey method accespt JSONObject

JSONObject inputJSONOBject = new JSONObject(inputJson);

getKey(inputJSONOBject, "job");

}

}

Output will be : leader

In above example I have provided the simple JSON, you can provided any complex JSON.

24. Create the utility to validate the key from JSON Object?

public static void responseKeyValidationFromJsonObject(Response response, String key)

    {

JSONObject json = new JSONObject(response.getBody().asString());
json.get(key);
System.out.println("using JSON Object: " +json.get(key));

     }

25. How to get the value by using from JSON object.

We can do it by using JsonPath class .

JsonPath js = new JsonPath(inputJson);

Object name =js.get("firstname");

System.out.println(name);

 OR

JsonPath jsonPathValue = response.jsonPath();

String cityVal = jsonPathValue.get("City");
System.out.println("the value of city is: "+ cityVal);
Assert.assertEquals(cityVal, city)